“Last year, Red Lobster reported $11 million in operating losses following its flubbed ‘Ultimate Endless Shrimp’ deal, which backfired when it reeled in too many customers after the limited-time promo became a permanent menu fixture last June. The restaurant chain later reported $12.5 million in losses in the fourth quarter of 2023.”
If they are going into chapter 11 then the losses are privatized. Chapter 11 halts debt collection temporally while restructuring happens. Afterwords the previous owners own none of the company or a much reduced chunk of the company. The previous debtors now own most or all of the company. Similar to a bank repossessing a house it’s debtors repossessing a business.
It’s also possible for the judge or who they appoint to run the bankruptcy too determine there isn’t any hope saving the business and convert it to a chapter 7 which is close everything and sell off the assets to try and pay back the debtors.
Either was the original owners usually get little to nothing.