U.S. District Judge Deborah Boardman in Greenbelt, Maryland, ruled that the Department of Education and the Office of Personnel Management likely violated the Privacy Act by disclosing people’s personal information to DOGE without their consent.

Boardman issued a temporary restraining order requested by attorneys for unions and groups representing current and former federal employees.

The judge, who heard arguments on the request last week, said her order doesn’t prevent President Donald Trump, a Republican, from “effectuating the administration’s policies.”

“It prevents the disclosure of the plaintiffs’ sensitive personal information to DOGE affiliates who, on the current record, do not have a need to know the information to perform their duties,” she wrote.