Estrogen provides a great defense against heart disease, which is a huge killer. Now, this diminishes significantly after menopause, so it only explains things to a point.

Testosterone does increase risk of heart failure so that is certainly part of it.

Women are also more risk-averse. Risky living = high chance of dying https://m.economictimes.com/magazines/panache/men-have-a-shorter-life-expectancy-than-women-thanks-to-their-genes-says-harvard-study/articleshow/99119402.cms

My guess is that it’s more social than biological. Women have a tendency to form closer, more emotionally available, and more plentiful relationships with others – I believe partially due to hormones/brain development and partially due to culture. They’ve done studies that show that having strong social relationships is important to lower stress and loneliness, which can lead to a longer life. I’m not sure if that’s all of it but it definitely couldn’t hurt to work on those things :)

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My theory that I just made up without any research or noteworthy knowledge on the topic is that women have a slower metabolism (which is related to hormones as their muscle mass and density is lower).
The slower your metabolism and your caloric intake the less cells are replicating. When cells are being replaced there’s always some degradation of genetic information involved. If you don’t require much energy and thus keep your metabolism low your body is under less pressure. It’s basically like a car with high mileage that has only seen constant slow long distance rides.