In a unanimous opinion, a three-judge panel denied an appeal from Warner Bros. Television, which has argued that the two shows are unrelated.

“There are clear and numerous similarities between ‘The Pitt’ and ‘ER,” the court ruled, citing the emergency room setting, the fast pace, the medical jargon, the graphic depictions of injuries, and a young, incompetent doctor fresh from medical school. “We find the details here suffice for a prima facie case.”