People who use e-cigarettes are 19 percent more likely to develop heart failure, compared to those who have never used them, a new study published Tuesday revealed.

The data point was included in one of the largest prospective studies to date on the link between vaping and heart failure. The findings of the study are being presented at the American College of Cardiology’s (ACC) annual scientific session.

Researchers examined data from surveys and from All of Us, a national study of adults run by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) of 175,667 study participants, who had an average age of 52 and were 60.5 percent female, according to the ACC press release. They found that 3,242 participants developed heart failure with a follow-up time of a median of 45 months.