This essay says that inheritance is harmful and if possible you should “ban inheritance completely”. You see these arguments a lot, as well as things like “prefer composition to inheritance”. A lot of these arguments argue that in practice inheritance has problems. But they don’t preclude inheritance working in another context, maybe with a better language syntax. And it doesn’t explain why inheritance became so popular in the first place. I want to explore what’s fundamentally challenging about inheritance and why we all use it anyway.
OK, I think I’m getting it.
A product is a set that this is the result of an ordered cartesian products.
struct Car { make: String, model: String, seats: u8, }
Car = String X String x u8
.An enum is a series of "or"s.
enum Animal { Dog, Cat, Giraffe, Chimpanzee, }
can also be thought of as
Animal = Dog | Cat | Giraffe | Chimpanzee
. WhereDog
is a type that only has single value in its set akaAnimal = {1} | {2} | {3} | {4}
, but it could also be strings, or other objects. Rust however allows more complex objects:enum ComplexEnum { Nothing, Something(u32), LotsOfThings { usual_struct_stuff: bool, blah: String, } }
In this case is
Something(u32)
the equivalent of any “tagged”u32
, meaning in memory it’s something like aTag + 32 bits
whereTag
is a constant string of bits, maybe itself au32
? Wouldn’t that make it a product type?But then
LotsOfThings
is itself a product typeLotsOfThings = bool x String
.So to put it all together
ComplexEnum = Nothing | TaggedU32 | (bool x String)
? Is that correct?Anti Commercial-AI license
Pretty much, yeah. But just be aware the tags are effectively unique constants, so each has only one value. For consistency I would write it as:
ComplexEnum = Nothing | Something(u32) | LotsOfThings(bool x String)
In this notation,
Something(u32)
could also be written as1 x u32
because tags are constants.OK, so finally I get it. It’s pity none of the blogs I’ve read or wikipedia articles in existence spell it out this way. Instead it’s a bunch of math mumbo jumbo.
Thanks for helping me reach understanding 🙏 And thanks to @[email protected] too.
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