I want to allow the users of my project be able to write the driving logic, while I provide the tools. What are some embedded scripting languages in Rust that can be sandboxed and are easy for absolute beginners?

edit: Thanks for all of your answers, I decided to go with lua using mlua

  • @[email protected]
    2•1 day ago

    Another meme answer: nu.

    I never actually used nu for anything. But I’ve been thinking (unironically) that nu with its built-in from_json and to_json can be interesting.

    The use-case I had in mind is not games or anything like that, but some system or dev tools that traditionally utilized shell scripts, but are moving towards better languages like python. So I thought a single binary that embeds nu, but also has a lot of sub-commands that implement a lot of sub-tasks in Rust directly, and with JSON used as an exchange format, the combination can be interesting.

    Now that I think about it more, this can work in both directions, with main execution being in nu (what I had in mind), or in Rust.

    nu even has an lsp server, so the development experience should theoretically be good.

    • @[email protected]
      2•1 day ago

      As a sysadmin Python is very far from a better language than Shell, it is much too fragile over time for that. You can’t even rely on a Python script running unmodified on the oldest currently supported OS versions and the latest ones.

    • @[email protected]English
      0•7 hours ago

      PreFix notation for mathematical operations. Hehe.
      Interesting for me, but I’d rather not give this to someone who us more interested in making a plugin and calling it a day.

  • Ignotum
    12•2 days ago

    Many languages can be compiled to wasm, and it’s quite easy to load and run wasm from rust

    That way you could give the user multiple options, they could write it in rust, c, c++, javascript, etc

    • @[email protected]English
      5•1 day ago

      Although the OP has already decided to go with Lua, if anyone else looking at this thread is considering their options for making a plugin system, WASM/WASI is an excellent choice - mostly because it allows users to use Python (a favorite among programming newbies) along with any other language that compiles to WebAssembly (which will eventually be all languages).

      You can even use something like Extism which is purpose-built as a drop-in library for creating a plugin system with WASM plugins, or you can use other runtime options like Wasmtime (built in Rust, from the ByteCode Alliance - where the WASI spec is being developed) or the WasmEdge runtime (built in C++, which is a CNCF project and is already being used in areas like eBPF to help users build Linux Kernel extensions).

      In short, if you’re building a project that has to be maintained long-term and you need a plugin system, then choose WebAssembly - you can’t go wrong.

      Cheers!

    • asudoxOP
      4•2 days ago

      WASM is a bit overkill and is also complicated. I need a simple scripting language that won’t stress the users out. As mentioned in my post, I expect them to be absolute beginners.

      • Ignotum
        8•2 days ago

        I didn’t mean that the users would write wasm, just that they could write it in some language, then your program would compile it to wasm and run it

        Gives some flexibility as to the choice of language and it runs sandboxed

        • asudoxOP
          4•2 days ago

          yeah no no, who writes wasm by hand?

          it’s just that this interoperability with all languages is a bit overkill. I also don’t know how I would expose a rust struct that has methods in wasm

  • UnfortunateShort
    2•2 days ago

    There is a Python interpreter written in Rust. It’s apparently intended to (besides being fast an all that) make Rust scriptable.

  • @[email protected]
    8•2 days ago

    The most battletested way is via bindings to other languages. Ex. mlua with luau sandboxing Or Javascript via v8 or deno_core

    There are also a few languages implemented in rust like rhai

    There is also the option of compiling the user code to wasm and using wasmtime to run it

  • @[email protected]
    5•2 days ago

    Boa is a remarkably well-developed JS runtime written in Rust. Nice API, and well sandboxed. We’re considering adopting it for Biome as well.

    • asudoxOP
      4•2 days ago

      Thanks for the suggestion. Though JS itself is a pretty weird language and has some weird behaviours, I’d rather not use it. It’s also a bit too advanced for my use case. (somewhat simple control flow, maybe some math, etc.)

  • @[email protected]
    1•2 days ago

    One more vote for using WASM. Using WASM has the benefit of allowing the user to use almost whatever language they want, as long as it can compile to WASM. So the user doesn’t have to learn some bespoke scripting-specific language.