- Authoritarian First Known Use: 1861
- Holocaust date 1941-1945
- Horseshoe theory is attributed to Jean-Pierre Faye in his 1972 book Théorie du récit: introduction aux langages totalitaires, in relation to Otto Strasser.
- There is no evidence that Jean-Pierre Faye has ever denied the Holocaust. In fact, Faye has engaged in scholarly work that discusses the Holocaust and antisemitism.
Just like “great man theory”, i.e. any criticism of Dear Leader Xi.