If it’s deletable, it’s fine. On iOS and Android, you have to jump through serious hoops to be able to delete something that would make the OS break, and if you’re asking this, you haven’t jumped through those hoops.

The hardware won’t be damaged by removing software or files. Worst case scenario, any faulty hardware might give up the ghost while deleting things, but if the device is that far gone, it would happen no matter what you were doing. It’s kinda like driving a car with a bad belt; idling at a stoplight isn’t going to be any more likely to make the belt snap than idling at home.

You deleting a file is no harder on the device than making a phone call or using an app. Same with uninstalling something. If something like the RAM is going to die, it doesn’t matter what you’re using the memory for, it’ll go when it goes.