ohhhhhhhhhhh it’s evolved. I’m going off of an old system:
Class structure and earnings
In the last half century, China’s class structure has undergone a major transformation, evolving from a simple system of three socialist strata (cadres, workers, and peasants) in the pre-reform era to a hybrid class system mixing capitalist features with aspects of the previous socialist class system. The Chinese market-oriented reforms and the expansion of the private sector changed property relations and generated a class structure with striking similarities to that of other capitalist societies (Bian Citation2002). Previous research has adopted multiple approaches to understand the class dynamics and earnings in transitional China. Some research on urban China applies Goldthorpe’s neo-Weberian class theory to the Chinese context (Zou Citation2015) while others have adapted Wright’s neo-Marxist class framework to explain class-based earnings inequality (Li, Qin, and Chen Citation2012; Lin and Wu Citation2009). Lin and Wu (Citation2009) compared different class schema and concluded that a modified neo-Marxian class approach (albeit one that incorporated hukou) best captured the evolving class structure in transitional China. They also demonstrated that class has become the major source of earnings disparities among Chinese workers.
ohhhhhhhhhhh it’s evolved. I’m going off of an old system:
Class structure and earnings
In the last half century, China’s class structure has undergone a major transformation, evolving from a simple system of three socialist strata (cadres, workers, and peasants) in the pre-reform era to a hybrid class system mixing capitalist features with aspects of the previous socialist class system. The Chinese market-oriented reforms and the expansion of the private sector changed property relations and generated a class structure with striking similarities to that of other capitalist societies (Bian Citation2002). Previous research has adopted multiple approaches to understand the class dynamics and earnings in transitional China. Some research on urban China applies Goldthorpe’s neo-Weberian class theory to the Chinese context (Zou Citation2015) while others have adapted Wright’s neo-Marxist class framework to explain class-based earnings inequality (Li, Qin, and Chen Citation2012; Lin and Wu Citation2009). Lin and Wu (Citation2009) compared different class schema and concluded that a modified neo-Marxian class approach (albeit one that incorporated hukou) best captured the evolving class structure in transitional China. They also demonstrated that class has become the major source of earnings disparities among Chinese workers.
Source: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/21620555.2021.1878019#d1e358
Hukou: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hukou
Hukou is incorporated into almost every Chinese socioeconomic and political system