I don’t think you’ve read your own source right. As far as I can tell that doesn’t say paper is preferred anywhere. That document seems to just be saying, “if you use paper, use this, if digital, use this” for each type of data you want to store.

And while I agree they’re not recommending to shred all their paper documents and scan them into PDF, they’re also not recommending to print off all your electronic documents and put them into filing cabinets either. Both are acceptable formats for different things, in their opinion.

And while I agree that low acid paper isn’t likely to break down over 1000 years if left alone, the odds of the building they are in burning down or getting a silverfish infestation is actually pretty decent over a 1000yr period, so I don’t think the odds of them surviving is nearly as good as you think.

And also, while I agree that PDF will likely be replaced a few dozen times in the next millennium, it’s also really just a glorified markdown format. Every new standard will have converters to move from the previous standard to the new. Is that work? Certainly. Is it more work than actively maintaining physical archives? No. Especially since, as PDF is the defacto standard for electronic documents for every world government, any major shift in that standard will have well support paths forward for upgrading.

And most importantly, none of your points actually addressed my core point, which was, regardless of which one is “easier” to maintain, it’s clear and obvious which one is cheaper. The cost associated with maintaining large physical archives is astronomical. Buying up some cloud storage is minimal.

My hard copy birth certificate isn’t doing too well even after much shorter time.

If that PDF represents a part of a curated collection, then I’d be willing to bet the data will be readable in a perfectly preserved way in a thousand years. I have been casually copying files and have nearly accidentally preserved all sorts of data that would have been tossed out decades ago if it were paper based.

The key word is curated, and applies to both paper and digital works. If neglected, either one has a risk of being lost or destroyed.

We have survivorship bias about paper records. We see a famous preserved work from a thousand years ago and declare “wow, paper lasts forever, but I lost a burned cd from not even 20 years ago, paper is obviously better”. However that paper was ordered by royalty of the day and put under the curation of a Treasury as a highly valuable artifact from the moment it was created.

Far more paper records have been lost or destroyed than we even know to have existed.

It’s not like we don’t also store the file details of the storage mechanism, we’re not going to forget how to decode the exact version of pdf used to store them in a world where we’re able to safely store thousands of tons of pointless old legal documents.

And the cost of converting all these old legal documents onto low acid paper and storing them is going to be huge, I really don’t think anyone actually wants to do that.