Nextcloud seems to have a bad reputation around here regarding performance. It never really bothered me, but when a comment on a post here yesterday talked about huge speed gains to be had with Postgres, I got curious and spent a few hours researching and tweaking my setup.

I thought I’d write up what I learned and maybe others can jump in with their insights to make this a good general overview.

To note, my installation initially started out with this docker compose stack from the official nextcloud docker images (as opposed to the AIO image or a source installation.) I run this behind an NGINX reverse proxy.

Sources of information

• Server tuning on Nextcloud Docs: Most of this are very basic things that are already taken care of in the docker image or in the proxy companion image I’m using. The one thing I haven’t tried and that comes up in other places, too, is using Imaginary for image preview generation.
• How to migrate Nextcloud 17 Database Backend from MySQL to postgreSQL
• Eking out some Nextcloud Performance mainly talks about using a socket connection for redis, but also mentions logging to syslog (have not found a good source of information for this), using postgres, using imaginary for image previews

Improvements

Migrate DB to Postgres

What I did first is migrate from maridb to postgres, roughly following the blog post I linked above. I didn’t do any benchmarking, but page loads felt a little faster after that (but a far cry from the “way way faster” claims I’d read.)

Here's my process

• add postgres container to compose file like so. I named mine “postgres”, added a “postgres” volume, and added it to depends_on for app and cron
• run migration command from nextcloud app container like any other occ command. The migration process stopped with an error for a deactivated app so I completely removed it, dropped the postgres tables and started migration again and it went through. after migration, check admin settings/system to make sure Nextcloud is now using postgres. ./occ db:convert-type --password $POSTGRES_PASSWORD --all-apps pgsql $POSTGRES_USER postgres $POSTGRES_DB
• remove old “db” container and volume and all references to it from compose file and run docker compose up -d --remove-orphans

Redis over Sockets

I followed above guide for connecting to Redis with sockets with details as stated below. This improved performance quite significantly. Very fast loads for files, calendar, etc. I haven’t yet changed the postgres connection over to sockets since the article spoke about minor improvements, but I might try this next.

Hints

• the redis configuration (host, port, password, …) need to be set in config/config.php, as well as config/redis.config.php
• the cron container needs to receive the same /etc/localtime and /etc/timezone volumes the app container did, as well as the volumes_from: tmp

EDIT Postgres over Sockets

I’m now connecting to Postgres over sockets as well, which gave another pretty significant speed bump. When looking at developer tools in Firefox, the dashboard now finishes loading in half the time it did before the change; just over 6s. I followed the same blog article I did for Redis.

Steps

• in the compose file, for the db container: add volumes /etc/localtime and /etc/timezone; add user: "70:33"; add command: postgres -c unix_socket_directories='/var/run/postgresql/,/tmp/docker/'; add tmp container to volumes_from and depends_on
• in nextcloud config.php, replace 'dbhost' => 'postgres', with 'dbhost' => '/tmp/docker/',

Outlook

What have you done to improve your instance’s performance? Do you know good articles to share? I’m happy to edit this post to include any insights and make this a good source of information regarding Nextcloud performance.