What the people who now want us to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment are arguing is that certain aspects of the Constitution ought to be nullified merely by their unpopularity—not even necessarily among a majority of voters but among a subset of extra-special voters. This is not a standard applied to any other aspect of the American Constitution in any other circumstance. It is an entirely novel standard invented for the benefit of Donald Trump. In effect, they are arguing for a set of unwritten Trump Rules that would exempt the former president from broadly applicable standards.
I don’t feel like he needs to be convicted though. It’s already been determined in court that he participated in the insurrection. The law doesn’t say he needs to be convicted either, only participate; It’s an automatic disqualifier. The criminal conviction would be a separate thing.