I’m very confused, I don’t see that -r is a valid option for chmod. What did you even do? I see no clarification anywhere in this post for what actually happened.
I accidentally scrambled all the permissions on my home directory by running sudo chmod -R -755 .
The -R does this recursively through out every sub directory under /home/user/
While this looks somewhat innocent and harmless, most (if not all) files on home directory are owned by normal user. The above command just changed all files ownership to root (privileged user) which has alot of nuisance.
Effects:
To run any app now, you need to open a new terminal and type sudo -E app-name &, every single time. Annoying, but not as much as the following effects…
Running apps this way is not recommended since the app might accidentally change your system configurations without remorse, as it’s launched with root privileges (eg. network sockets, of which might most certainly be used by another app or daemon) and lead into hundreds of popups telling you that some system app terminated unexpectedly (without any reason whatsoever! Now you have to hunt that reason out on dmesg or sm’n). This can and WILL certainly lead to Linux crashes.
Due to effects on 2. Above, most apps (eg. Android studio) WILL prevent you from launching it with root privileges, by quiting itself immediately when it detects that privileged user is owner of the application process. So you will wind up with apps that you might never use again 😕
It’s a world pain by a thousand tinny cuts.
Hope this answers all your questions, and yes, it’s -R, not -r
Solutions:
Be extra extra careful while running sudo commands, especially those with -R (recursive) options. Are you on a right directory? ( I thought I was, turns out I wasn’t)
in addition to above, I would try to avoid using ., and specify the particular directory using ~/path/to/dir. So, instead of sudo chmod -R -755 ., I could have used sudo chmod -R -755 ~/path/to/dir
timeshift to the rescue. Backup your home directory (except Downloads and Video folders), preferably weekly, (or daily if you change your system configurations more frequently)
The above command just changed all files ownership to root (privileged user)
Hey uhm, are you sure? That seems wrong.
For me, the command removes read, write, and execute permissions of the user, and read and execute permissions for everyone else. Which would be expected.
chown would be the command to change ownership…
To run any app now, you need to open a new terminal and type sudo -E app-name &,
You could also try and fix the permissions by running sudo chmod -R u+rwX g+rX /home/user. That will fix all access permissions first of all. Then, you might have to fix execute permissions (but do this only on files that are meant to be executed!) using chmod +x path/to/file.
Solutions
Be extra extra careful while running sudo commands
Yes. But you (as the owner) would not even have needed sudo for the chmod command to succeed. I think you might have just slightly misunderstood chmod’s syntax. Your command as given means "recursively, remove the permissions 755 (you have a - in front of them!). It sounds like you probably wanted chmod -R 755 ... (without -, giving read/write/execute to the owner and read/execute to everyone else). But the descriptive notation above is probably easier to remember. Read the manpage maybe…
I’m very confused, I don’t see that
-ris a valid option for chmod. What did you even do? I see no clarification anywhere in this post for what actually happened.I accidentally scrambled all the permissions on my home directory by running sudo chmod -R -755 .
The -R does this recursively through out every sub directory under /home/user/
While this looks somewhat innocent and harmless, most (if not all) files on home directory are owned by normal user. The above command just changed all files ownership to root (privileged user) which has alot of nuisance.
Effects:
It’s a world pain by a thousand tinny cuts.
Hope this answers all your questions, and yes, it’s -R, not -r
Solutions:
Hey uhm, are you sure? That seems wrong.
For me, the command removes read, write, and execute permissions of the user, and read and execute permissions for everyone else. Which would be expected.
chownwould be the command to change ownership…You could also try and fix the permissions by running
sudo chmod -R u+rwX g+rX /home/user. That will fix all access permissions first of all. Then, you might have to fix execute permissions (but do this only on files that are meant to be executed!) usingchmod +x path/to/file.Yes. But you (as the owner) would not even have needed
sudofor thechmodcommand to succeed. I think you might have just slightly misunderstoodchmod’s syntax. Your command as given means "recursively, remove the permissions 755 (you have a-in front of them!). It sounds like you probably wantedchmod -R 755 ...(without-, giving read/write/execute to the owner and read/execute to everyone else). But the descriptive notation above is probably easier to remember. Read the manpage maybe…Very informative, thank you.