Look up the recurrent laryngeal nerve.
So it loops around the aorta. That’s weird, but is it a problem?
I did, for the lazy
Your point ? I didn’t go deep, but nothing jumps out at me.
"Evidence of evolution
The extreme detour of the recurrent laryngeal nerves, about 4.6 metres (15 ft) in the case of giraffes,[32]: 74–75 is cited as evidence of evolution, as opposed to intelligent design. The nerve’s route would have been direct in the fish-like ancestors of modern tetrapods, traveling from the brain, past the heart, to the gills (as it does in modern fish). Over the course of evolution, as the neck extended and the heart became lower in the body, the laryngeal nerve remained in its original course."
I think this is what he was getting at
Yeah, saw that, guess it could be, not compelled. Cheers though.
It’s like taking a detour to Chicago to get to DC from New York
The teeth thing is just because of our high sugar, high grain diet
The first* people with bad dental health were Egyptians as they lived on bread (which packs your teeth and feeds the bacteria that ferment it and make acid) before that, and until the invention spread, people died of old age with all their teeth intact
I eat very low carb - almost entirely meat due to allergies, and haven’t had a cavity since I started doing that, despite me nearly never brushing or flossing my teeth
*There were also people who lived in the tropics and ate a lot of fruit, and those with sugar cane.
I thought Egyptians had bad teeth because their flour was ground with sandstone, leaving sand in their bread. They ground their teeth into nothing by eating sand.
You never brush your teeth? It’s not only good for health dude
Similar. I don’t eat low carbs, just almost no bread, and my teeth never get cavities
Yeah but that can also be because of genetics. I eat bread everyday and still never had a cavity
I note that birds, which evolved eating grains, don’t have teeth
Birds originally did have teeth. Beaks are thought to have replaced teeth because they serve the same purpose but are much lighter, and more importantly because they develop faster than teeth. Birds considerably predate grasses (which are what grains are).
Yeeeah but they also only lived to like 30.
Those low life expectancies are typically due to high infant deaths. Once you are like 10 or so, the life expectancy is much higher, and more informative. The life expectancy at birth is in many cases a bit misleading.
Dolphins probably lament not being able to make milk come out of their buddy’s nose by making them laugh while drinking.
I am 99% sure humans are supposed to have tails
I sure as hell am supposed to. A big, floofy one.
Ah yes, you are indeed one of my kind.
Tails aren’t particularly common on great apes
Guess it doesn’t make sense to call them great, then.
Large apes maybe.
Yeah. It’s “big cats” and “great apes” I’m just hoping the name was made when great just meant big (I do know they named them before they knew we were in that picture)
That’s cap as hell considering a saiyan without a tail can’t become a Great Ape or an SSJ4 for that matter.
Did you mistype? I don’t understand what you’re trying to say
Sorry, let me translate for the non-internet poison speaking audience.
“Sir, you are mistaken in the idea that Great Apes do not have tails for in order to become a Great Ape one must be of the saiya-jin race and still possess a tail. Meaning a Great Ape without a tail would be difficult to believe, and additionally the Great Ape state is a pre-requisite for the Super Saiyan 4 transformation as well, which promiently features a tail. You see I am being humorous by conflating real life categories of animal species with references to Akira Toryiama’s hit series Dragon Ball”
applauds and guffaws with merriment
A horse is just an intense desire to die on four legs.
THE APPENDIX HAS ENTERED THE CHAT.
Being able to make our own Vitamin C aside, the fact that a vestigial organ can randomly decide to fucking kill you is asinine from a design perspective. Its the equivalent to building a pool in the sims and removing the ladder for the first person who wanders inside.
It’s not totally vestigial, it helps regulate colon bacteria. People without their appendix take longer to recover from diarrhea, which is important when bad water and spoiled food are a more regular part of your life.
Citation please ?, I want to know more.
Sure thing, here’s an example paper.
Thanks kindly.
I feel like feet and ankles have a lot of responsibility. I had a really bad case of plantar fasciitis for like 2 years and it sucked. Every step you take was a stabbing pain
That’s really just a modern problem. If you were part of a tribe walking out of Africa, you’d never have that problem. Our feet are pretty impressive actually
tbf horses have big dicks, it could have been worse for them
It is, they have hooves.
how much bigger is domesticated horse dick than wild
You stand on your toenails
Right, but literal horsecock
Both valid points. I will still need some time to take this all into consideration.
Consider this: horses can’t puke and just die if they eat something bad
They also die if they break a leg, or if you put them away wet, or if they sleep the wrong way. Horses just die a lot.
Wait what’s the deal with the horses? I want to feel good about myself today.
Edit: Wow, those bastards have it rough.
Their genetics have sacrificed nearly every aspect of basic resiliency for maximum speed on the plains. Most of the work caring for horses is keeping them from accidentally killing themselves. Full disclosure: I worked as a stable hand as a child in exchange for riding lessons. Will never ever own a horse.
Same for rabbits. The are basically as much lean muscle that can fit on the lighest possible skeleton.
If you pick up a rabbit wrong, they can snap their own back with the momentum from kicking their back legs.
Basically a 900LB Cocker Spaniel that’s afraid of it’s own farts and will eventually kill every single tree within reach. I also will never own horses.
What preditor was so fast horses had to evolve to that extent??
Saber toothed tigers and shit
Saber toothed shit is a serious reason
Us. They basically tried to beat pursuit predation by outrunning the distance humans will be willing to track over.
It did not work, they went extinct in North America because of how much it did not work.
Large predatory flightless birds probably didn’t help either.
Ah, sweet home Caelid
“What are those? I know predatory and flightless birds, but both?”
I have looked it up before posting, I learned something new today.
Big cat. You’re aware of the cheetah? Just picture that but not in Africa
You know what really caught me up: where are horses native to?
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There are wild horses on the Mongolian steppes.
All other horses are domesticated. Even the free horses in USA and Australia are descendants of domesticated horses.
You’re right! But also, horses were native to North America but they went extinct 10,000 years ago and weren’t introduced until much more recently.
Don’t tell that to a Mormon
PBS Eons has a couple good videos on both horse evolution and domestication.
It’s just a damn good series in general as well
Equus simplicidens lived around 4 million years ago in North America, relying on speed, stamina, and herd behavior for protection from predators like early wolves and big cats. Their survival, much like modern equids, depended on strong social structures and collective awareness. Over time, this lineage spread to other continents via land bridges before becoming extinct in North America. evolved into the distinct species of horses, zebras, and donkeys and where reintroduced into the American continent by humans
-chatgpt + edits
ChatGPT? Then everyone should assume this is horse shit until verified.
My teachers used to say the same about Wikipedia.
I did edit heavily, this is 3 outputs combined including a fact check this using Wikipedia
It does not fail on such basic questions, “fact check this:” in a new instance works more reliably then asking a human.
Equus simplicidens, also known as the Hagerman horse, lived around 4 million years ago in North America and is considered an ancestor of modern horses, zebras, and donkeys[3][5]. These animals relied on speed, stamina, and herd behavior for protection against predators such as early wolves and big cats[3]. Their survival was supported by strong social structures and collective awareness[3]. Over time, Equus species migrated to other continents via land bridges[4]. They eventually went extinct in North America around 10,000 years ago during the Pleistocene extinction event[1][2][4]. Horses were later reintroduced to the continent by humans in the late 15th century[4].
Citations: [1] POST-PLEISTOCENE HORSES (EQUUS) FROM MÉXICO https://meridian.allenpress.com/tjs/article/74/1/Article 5/487323/POST-PLEISTOCENE-HORSES-EQUUS-FROM-MEXICO [2] Horses in North America: A Comeback Story | Blog | Nature - PBS https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/blog/american-horses-horses-in-north-america-a-comeback-story/ [3] The Hagerman Horse (Equus simplicidens) - National Park Service https://www.nps.gov/articles/000/equus_simplicidens.htm [4] Wild Horses as Native North American Wildlife https://awionline.org/content/wild-horses-native-north-american-wildlife [5] Park Archives: Hagerman Fossil Beds National Monument https://npshistory.com/publications/hafo/index.htm [6] American Zebra (Equus simplicidens) - iNaturalist https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/317782-Equus-simplicidens [7] Hagerman Horse - Start Packing Idaho https://www.startpackingidaho.com/blog/hagerman-horse/
Human. Not for food, but because they always choose to breed on the Porcshe over the Toyota Hilux for racing.
The wording here makes it sound like we hunted horses for the specific purpose of having sex on them, and honestly, I’d probably be running as fast as a car if that kept happening to me too!
the mongols
I did this too and will also never own a horse lmao. This is why horse people are weird.
*one reason
Some people love caring for fragile things. Boosts their self-esteem. It can also break them when they fail.
Same here haha
Sometimes they will die because they can’t puke. Also broken legs are usually fatal even with vet care.
To add on why broken legs are fatal: its because horses are so big, that even with a sling, they cannot support themselves well on 3 legs. And lying down is also not an option as their own weight will crush their internal organs if they stay down for too long.
Also their blood gets pumped through their hooves, and to much weight on one hoof can impede blood flow through their body.
Oh, wow, I had always thought that shooting a horse with a broken leg was an act of brutal expedience, not mercy.
Also, don’t they need to run to move food through their digestive tract? Or to force themselves to cough if they have something stuck in their lungs? I think there is some sort of dependency of basic functions that relies on the movement of their lungs/stomach going back and forth while running that they can’t easily do if they just stand in one place all day
The term healthy as a horse is mostly survivorship bias
From what i read here there’s no unhealthy horse, it’s either healthy or dead.
“So, Timmy, do you want to be healthy as a horse?”
They only have 4 toes total.
Humans have multiple toes because our ape ancestors used their toes like fingers. Having multiple, separate toes is probably bad for survival unless you’re using toes to manipulate tools.
Animals that have distinct toes include apes, geckos, mice, raccoons and similar animals which need them to grip onto surfaces or to manipulate things. There are predators which have separate toes because they’re a place to mount claws: eagles, cats, etc. There are animals that have separate toes with webbing between for swimming. But, for a lot of animals, separate toes aren’t really useful, so they’ve evolved away: elephants, rhinos, giraffes, horses, cows, etc.
And they run around at 60mph on the tips of their toenails.
I mean, humans run around on something that birds would consider knees, and stupidly try to support their entire body weight using only half their legs.
The term healthy as a horse is mostly survivorship bias
The breathing and eating tubes gotta cross so you can blow with your mouth and choke on cock. Non-negotiable.
You could still probably blow with your mouth if you didn’t have your lungs connected, I imagine it would involve a kind of burping type of action. I think the bigger problem would be that if your nostrils closed up, you wouldn’t be able to breathe, and probably also talking would be a lot harder if your vocal chords and mouth were separate from your main air sacs.
I think the solution is probably just an easily opened and closed internal valve that separates the stomach and the lungs, rather than this bullshit we currently have with two separate valves that lead into both and open for one and then close for the other whenever it’s required. It’s still good to be able to close both when you want to, but you can already close your mouth on command, and another valve with the nose is a notable upgrade in that it keeps everyone from smelling bad smells they don’t wanna smell, and it also doesn’t take any more valves than we already have.
There’s probably some way you could fix this all with enough surgical intervention, I bet…
Tbf, our teeth aren’t bad. They just didn’t evolve to consume so much sugar.
From an evolutionary standpoint we just have to survive long enough to reproduce, if we can’t eat past age of reproduction there’s no evolutionary pressure to change that.
Thank goodness for modern dentistry.
That’s completely untrue.
Evolution applies to the entire lifespan — if we could “reproduce” but died in childbirth every time, our species would have gone extinct long ago.
Parents and grandparents also contribute greatly to the success of a child long long after they’re born, helping to ensure it also survives to reproductive age.
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“grandparents”
Life expectancy in 18th century France was in the 20s, grandparents are optional
I don’t disagree with your overall point, but statistics like that are almost always heavily skewed because of high infant mortality rates
The mortality rate during childbirth was pretty high for women on top of the infant rate. Childbirth as a whole dragged the numbers down.
The mortality of mothers only became a big issue between doctors being in charge of birth and hand washing becoming a rule
The domestication of storks has also led to fewer deaths upon delivery. I wish to also add something to this thread of reddit factoids.
[Edit : It turns out people have said the same thing while I was looking for the right source to confirm my point, so I guess this comment’s a bit redundant now. Still leaving it in case someone’s interested]
Child mortality The most significant difference between historical mortality rates and modern figures is that child and infant mortality was so high in pre-industrial times; before the introduction of vaccination, water treatment, and other medical knowledge or technologies, women would have around seven children throughout their lifetime, but around half of these would not make it to adulthood. Accurate, historical figures for infant mortality are difficult to ascertain, as it was so prevalent, it took place in the home, and was rarely recorded in censuses; however, figures from this source suggest that the rate was around 300 deaths per 1,000 live births in some years, meaning that almost one in three infants did not make it to their first birthday in certain periods. For those who survived to adolescence, they could expect to live into their forties or fifties on average.
So reaching 50 wasn’t too rare for someone who had survived childhood, and given how people often started having children younger then, that was well enough to be grandparent. Doesn’t mean everyone would’ve gotten to known their grandparents, but it wouldn’t have been super rare either.
That was an evolutionarily insignificant time period.
A reminder that life expectancy in ancient history was so low not because people generally croaked by 40, but because of how many children died young.
It’s an average, not a maximum. People regularly lived into their 70s and 80s hundreds of years ago.
If you make past childhood for most of history outside of places experiencing plagues, major famines, or wars, you had a good shot of making it to your 70s
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_expectancy#Life_expectancy_vs._other_measures_of_longevity
Generally sure. We’ve certainly evolved to want to be around for a while after reproduction though, for example human infants are completely worthless. That doesn’t mean we need to be top notch, but we do need to exist sufficiently to get children to even the most brutal, basic independence.
Compare that to something that hatches then is already just adulting, like many reptiles.
I think the keyword is precocial vs altricial
Actually a bigger contributor is underdeveloped jaws due to no longer requiring to chew from.a very young age for nutritional requirements.
Why would stronger Jaws prevent teeth decay?
Why would not having developmentally impaired mouth including teeth, muscle, and bone be beneficial for longterm resilience?
Idk dude, figure it out. Some people, I swear.
Wow, are you always this much of an asshole when people ask you questions?
Means they don’t know…
Although asshole might be strong.
“The hole ass is strong with this one”
Why does being mean to you make me an asshole? (This is a facetious question)
You’re insufferable
This you?
(This is a facetious question)
At least we agree on your assholery then.
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They just didn’t evolve to consume so much sugar.
Bro, eating oranges puts our tooth enamel in a weakened state. If we were designed, it was by an idiot.
It’s not the sugar, but the acid that our teeth can’t handle.
The fact that healthy foods can’t be consumed without a risk of harm is not an intelligent design.
I mean, even apples (i.e. “Garden of Eden”) can promote the growth of plaque!
Cane and Abel tells us the gods don’t like vegetable farmers, that want meat
Meat doesn’t damage your teeth
Incidentally the damage from sugar is fermentation - it makes carbonic acid (the stuff that makes soda fizzy) which is a weaker acid than citric
Citrus didn’t make it to Europe quickly - it came from China
I mean, biblically speaking we weren’t supposed to eat those apples.
Yahweh and mind games. What an asshole. 😂
If an all-knowing creator didn’t want humans to eat fruit from a specific tree, he shouldn’t have grown that tree in the only garden he had humans in.
Missing the point of obedience by choice.
Oh, right. The obedience only matters if you have to make yourself do it. It doesn’t count if it’s natural and painless and costs you nothing. Can’t believe I forgot about that?
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Oranges don’t exist naturally, was the point I was making. Theyre a hybrid, derived at least partly from pomelo.
You are right, it’s just that in Spanish a “pomelo” is a grapefruit, and I was unaware of the whole rabbit hole that is the hybridwtion of the pomelo, mandarin, citrus and all that. I deleted my old comment because I was just confused.
No worries, I don’t know all the details and looking more deeply, it looks to be more complicated than I was remembering too.
Half our expected lifetime was our expected lifetime back when they evolved. Teeth are doing quite well, all things considered.
Its only a valve. Topologically speaking, the passage from the mouth to the anus only constitutes one hole.
The passage of air into the lungs is not a hole however, that is a cavity. Same difference with the vagina, that’s not a hole, that’s a cavity.
Depends on the state of your esophagus, doesn’t it? If it’s closed (which it mostly is) then your mouth and nose holes go to your lung cavity. Your anus is also part of a cavity that goes through your intestines all the way up your throat and stops at your esophagus.
People are donuts!
No, since you have a nose. Topologically, people have 3 holes.
7, if the cut-off is 60 microns (tear ducts). Smaller than that, we’re essentially Swiss cheese.
What are the the 7?
Important note, if you take a straw that separates into two split straws (kinda in a “Y” shape) that from a topological point of view is two holes, because one is for one of these paths, and the other is an extruded hole on the side of the first path. In topology you can’t break or mend material, but you can pull, stretch, squeeze and move it all you want. So you can move one of the split straw “legs” to the bottom of the whole straw, getting a shape similar to a “V”, it would look pretty much like a pair of pants. And topologically speaking it would be exactly the same. So… One straight hole for your mouth all the way down to your anus. Another two are there for your nostrils, that’s 3 already. The rest are for your tear ducts, which have two holes on the edge of your eye, (so four in total) which merge and then connect to your nose.
So a human, from a topological perspective, is just a seven holed doughnut. Also Vsauce made a great video about that, with pretty great animations.
Tbh, I was kinda hoping for someone with better biology knowledge than me to correct me. Thanks.
I am well aware that people have three topological holes. Matter of fact, I proved that years ago.
In this case, I only referred to one topological hole, from mouth to anus.
I never mentioned the nose, nor was that part of the topic in question.
Matter of fact, I proved that years ago.
Ominous
This fella explains it way better than I ever could…
Yum.
why is the nose only one hole?
Nose is two. Your butt isn’t one. Or rather, your mouth and nostrils would be the entrance and your butt is the combined exit of those three holes. If you don’t count the nostrils, you only have one hole. A hole always goes through something, otherwise it’s just a cavity. And also, holes only count from one side. Your butt and mouth are the same hole, just from different ends.
Kissing with open mouths creates a hole from one butthole to another.
Nose is only one hole, topologically speaking. You can run a string from one nostril to the other.
One topological hole.
No, all 7 holes (nostrils, mouth, tear ducts) have a common cavity, so they’re 7 holes not one.
This is a Wendy’s. We only offer nostrils, mouths and anuses here.
Nose is only one hole homie, runs from one nostril to the other. It takes the mouth to add a secondary orifilce. And it takes the anus to add a third orifice.
Topology for ya.
Doesn’t matter which way you turn it, the result is the same. As you count it, your first hole is nostril to nostril. I count mouth to anus as hole one and then add the left and right nostrils as secondary and tertiary orifices. Having a nose ads two holes to the total count. If you had no nose, you‘d have one hole, if you only had a nose, you’d also only have one hole.
That reminds me, I need to turn my pizza soon…
oh! but then why is it three holes and not nostril-to-mouth as a hole and other-nostril-to-butt as another hole, or some other combination
Quick illustration:
Nostrils: ___________ _________ | _________| | _________ | Mouth: | | \________| | ________ | / | | | | | | | | | | | | Butthole:That is 3 holes in total because you can “connect” any opening with 3 different one’s.
thank you!!
You don’t need that
Mmm
Could be worse:
We don’t have cloacas.
Idk, shitting an egg/baby sounds a lot better than present human childbirth…
I don’t disagree, but being egg bound sounds about as bad as dying in childbirth.
I feel like if that happened with a human it would be a pretty minor thing to go up in there and smash the egg so you just shit out the shell and stuff. I don’t really see a reason it would have to be fatal, or even really all that big of a deal, if that’s just what human reproduction looks like.
Now if we were using the cloaca in the same way we presently use the vagina, as a birth canal for developed offspring, that would be a different story, but ultimately not all that different from now.
We’re not that efficient yet.
the lack of a solid abstract and title that ignores the last names of many of the people involved leads me to believe this is a satire
What use is grief to a horse?
